Frost dates for ZIP 77990 (Tivoli, TX)
Average last spring and first fall frost dates with 10%, 50% and 90% odds, from NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals for the nearest weather station, Austwell, TX (8 miles away).
Freezes are uncommon here
NOAA's normals for this station show a 32°F night in about 84% of years (about 5 freezing night(s) a year on average). The dates below describe freeze timing for the station's record; in many years there may be no 32°F freeze at all.
- Average last spring frostJan 3050% chance of a 32°F freeze after this date
- Average first fall frostDec 2750% chance of a 32°F freeze by this date
- Growing season (frost-free)333 daysmedian, 32°F threshold
- USDA hardiness zone9b25 to 30°F avg. coldest night
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This week in your yard
As of Oct 17, 2026, from your frost dates, zone and soil temperature. Lawn timing · Vegetables · Pruning · Plants
Freezes are uncommon here, so frost-based timing is rough. Local extension calendars for frost-free areas use months.
Pre-emergent
Soil is 79°F at 4 inches. Fall pre-emergent (annual bluegrass, winter weeds): not yet. Apply as soil cools toward 70°F (typically October to early November).
Fertilizer window
Lawn region: Gulf Coast and peninsular Florida. Timing only; always follow the product label.
- St. Augustinegrass (warm-season): Spring: About 2–3 weeks after full green-up (May in the Carolinas; earlier in Florida and south Texas) (about Mar 10 here, using green-up about 3–4 weeks after your average last frost); Summer: Light feedings June–August where local rules allow; Last: No later than about mid-September in the Carolinas, about 6–8 weeks before first frost elsewhere. Avoid: Feeding before green-up or late in fall (feeds weeds and favors large patch and cold injury).
Plant now
- Kale: fall sowing Sep 20–Oct 18
- Kale: fall transplant Oct 4–Nov 1
- Collards: fall sowing Sep 20–Oct 18
- Collards: fall transplant Oct 4–Nov 1
- Broccoli: fall transplant Sep 20–Oct 18
- Cabbage: fall transplant Sep 20–Oct 18
- Cauliflower: fall transplant Sep 20–Oct 18
- Carrot: fall sowing Oct 4–18
- Pea (garden, snap, snow): fall sowing Oct 4–18
- Bean, bush (snap): fall sowing Oct 4–18
- Cucumber: fall sowing Oct 4–18
- Summer squash / zucchini: fall sowing Oct 4–18
Coming up in the next 3 weeks
- Lettuce: fall sowing Oct 18–Nov 15
- Lettuce: fall transplant Nov 1–22
- Spinach: fall sowing Nov 1–22
- Brussels sprouts: start seeds indoors Nov 7–21
- Kohlrabi: fall sowing Oct 18–Nov 1
- Bok choy / Asian greens: fall sowing Nov 1–15
- Arugula: fall sowing Nov 1–29
- Mustard greens: fall sowing Nov 1–15
- Swiss chard: fall sowing Oct 18–Nov 1
- Beet: fall sowing Oct 18–Nov 1
- Turnip: fall sowing Oct 18–Nov 1
- Onion (bulbing): start seeds indoors Nov 7–21
Prune now
No frost-timed pruning windows are open this week.
Spring-flowering shrubs are pruned right after their flowers fade, not by date. See the pruning guide.
Last spring frost odds
| Chance of a 32°F freeze after this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 90% (early: most years still freeze after this) | Dec 19 (prior Dec) |
| 50% (the "average" last frost) | Jan 30 |
| 10% (cautious: only 1 year in 10 freezes later) | Mar 2 |
Most gardeners plant frost-tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, basil) after the 50% date, and closer to the 10% date for less risk.
First fall frost odds
| Chance the first 32°F freeze has happened by this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 10% (early: 1 year in 10 freezes this soon) | Nov 27 |
| 50% (the "average" first frost) | Dec 27 |
| 90% (late: most years have frozen by now) | Feb 6 (next year) |
Light frost, freeze and hard freeze
| Threshold | Last spring (50%) | First fall (50%) |
|---|---|---|
| 36°F (light frost possible on clear, calm nights) | Feb 17 | Dec 9 |
| 32°F (freeze) | Jan 30 | Dec 27 |
| 28°F (hard freeze) | Jan 21 | Jan 8 (next year) |
n/a means NOAA did not publish a date at that threshold for this station (usually because it rarely gets that cold).
Vegetable planting calendar for 77990
Dates count from your average last spring frost (Jan 30) and first fall frost (Dec 27). Half of years have a frost after the spring date, so give tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) some slack.
| Crop | Start indoors | Spring planting | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Dec 5–19 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) | Aug 30–Sep 27 (transplant) |
| Pepper (sweet and hot) | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) | Sep 6–27 (transplant) |
| Eggplant | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) | Sep 6–27 (transplant) |
| Tomatillo | Dec 5–19 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) | – |
| Lettuce | Dec 5–19 | Jan 9–30 (transplant) Jan 2–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | Nov 1–22 (transplant) Oct 18–Nov 15 (sowing) |
| Spinach | – | Dec 19–Jan 9 (sow outdoors) | Nov 1–22 (sowing) |
| Kale | Dec 5–19 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) Jan 2–16 (sow outdoors) | Oct 4–Nov 1 (transplant) Sep 20–Oct 18 (sowing) |
| Collards | Dec 5–19 | Jan 2–30 (transplant) Jan 2–30 (sow outdoors) | Oct 4–Nov 1 (transplant) Sep 20–Oct 18 (sowing) |
| Broccoli | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Sep 20–Oct 18 (transplant) |
| Cabbage | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Sep 20–Oct 18 (transplant) |
| Cauliflower | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Jan 16–30 (transplant) | Sep 20–Oct 18 (transplant) |
| Brussels sprouts | Nov 7–21 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Sep 6–27 (transplant) |
| Kohlrabi | Dec 5–19 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) Jan 2–16 (sow outdoors) | Oct 18–Nov 1 (sowing) |
| Bok choy / Asian greens | – | Jan 2–16 (sow outdoors) | Nov 1–15 (sowing) |
| Arugula | – | Jan 2–30 (sow outdoors) | Nov 1–29 (sowing) |
| Mustard greens | – | Jan 2–23 (sow outdoors) | Nov 1–15 (sowing) |
| Swiss chard | Dec 19–Jan 2 | Jan 16–Feb 6 (transplant) Jan 16–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | Oct 18–Nov 1 (sowing) |
| Beet | – | Jan 2–30 (sow outdoors) | Oct 18–Nov 1 (sowing) |
| Carrot | – | Jan 9–Feb 6 (sow outdoors) | Oct 4–18 (sowing) |
| Radish | – | Dec 26–Feb 6 (sow outdoors) | Nov 15–29 (sowing) |
| Turnip | – | Jan 2–23 (sow outdoors) | Oct 18–Nov 1 (sowing) |
| Parsnip | – | Jan 9–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pea (garden, snap, snow) | – | Dec 5–Jan 2 (sow outdoors) | Oct 4–18 (sowing) |
| Onion (bulbing) | Nov 7–21 | Dec 19–Jan 2 (transplant) | – |
| Green onion / scallion | – | Dec 19–Jan 16 (sow outdoors) | Oct 18–Nov 1 (sowing) |
| Leek | Nov 7–21 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | – |
| Garlic | – | – | Nov 15–Dec 13 (sowing) |
| Shallot | – | Dec 19–Jan 2 (transplant) | Nov 15–Dec 13 (sowing) |
| Potato | – | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Sep 6–20 (transplant) |
| Sweet potato | – | Feb 20–Mar 6 (transplant) | – |
| Sweet corn | – | Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Bean, bush (snap) | – | Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | Oct 4–18 (sowing) |
| Bean, pole | – | Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Lima bean | – | Feb 13–27 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Southern pea (cowpea, black-eyed pea) | – | Feb 20–Mar 13 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cucumber | Jan 2–9 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | Oct 4–18 (sowing) |
| Summer squash / zucchini | Jan 2–9 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | Oct 4–18 (sowing) |
| Winter squash | Jan 2–9 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pumpkin | – | Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Watermelon | Jan 2–9 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) Feb 13–27 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cantaloupe / muskmelon | Jan 2–9 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) Feb 13–27 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Okra | Dec 19–Jan 2 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) Feb 13–27 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Celery | Nov 7–21 | Feb 6–13 (transplant) | – |
| Basil | Dec 19–Jan 2 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cilantro | – | Jan 16–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | Nov 1–15 (sowing) |
| Parsley | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Jan 16–30 (transplant) Jan 9–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Dill | – | Jan 30–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | Nov 1–15 (sowing) |
| Sunflower | – | Jan 30–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Asparagus (crowns) | – | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | – |
| Rhubarb (crowns) | – | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | – |
| Strawberry (plants) | – | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Oct 18–Nov 15 (transplant) |
Typical ranges from university extension planting calendars, adjusted to your frost dates. Probabilities, not guarantees. Fall windows that would overlap spring planting are left out, as are fall crops of frost-tender plants where the frost-free season is under 210 days.
Plants that do well here
Texas A&M AgriLife trials name plants that handle Texas conditions: the Texas Superstar® list and the low-care roses from AgriLife trials. Plant frost-tender annuals after January 30 here (the average last frost). More on plants for Texas. Not affiliated with Texas A&M AgriLife.
This week in Tivoli
Soil temperature now
2-inch depth
79°F 55°F or warmer
24-hour average · latest 79°F, as of Oct 17, 8:00 PM CDT
Measured at NOAA USCRN station Port Aransas 32 NNE, 14 mi away. Daily averages: Wed 84°, Thu 84°, Fri 82°.
4-inch depth
79°F 55°F or warmer
24-hour average · latest 79°F, as of Oct 17, 9:00 PM CDT
Measured at NOAA USCRN station Port Aransas 32 NNE, 14 mi away. Daily averages: Wed 83°, Thu 83°, Fri 82°.
Fall: Texas A&M AgriLife times fall pre-emergent (for winter weeds such as annual bluegrass) to soil cooling to about 70°F for several days. The 50–55°F band is the spring trigger. Always read and follow the product label.
7-day forecast and frost risk
The latest National Weather Service 7-day forecast and any Frost Advisory or Freeze Warning for 77990 load here. You can also open the NWS forecast for this ZIP.
Where these numbers come from
Station: Austwell, TX (NOAA GHCN-Daily ID USC00410436), elevation 23 ft, 8.5 miles from the ZIP's center point. NOAA completeness flag: E (estimated from nearby stations).
Nearby stations
| Station | Distance | Last frost (50%) | First frost (50%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Port Aransas 32 NNE, TX | 14 mi | Feb 20 | Dec 2 |
| Aransas Wr, TX | 14 mi | Feb 7 | Dec 13 |
| Coleto Creek Rsvr, TX | 22 mi | Feb 17 | Dec 8 |
The average last-frost dates of these stations span 21 days, a rough guide to local variation. See data sources & methods.
Frost questions for 77990
When is the last frost in 77990?
The average (50% chance) last spring freeze of 32°F for ZIP 77990 is January 30. For a more cautious planting date, use March 2, when only 1 year in 10 still sees a later freeze.
When is the first frost in 77990?
The average first fall freeze is December 27. In 1 year in 10 it comes by November 27.
What hardiness zone is 77990?
ZIP 77990 is in USDA zone 9b (25 to 30°F average coldest winter night), per the 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map ZIP listing.
What is the soil temperature in 77990 right now?
This page shows the latest 2-inch and 4-inch soil temperature from the nearest public soil station (USDA SCAN, NOAA USCRN or TexMesonet), or a labeled estimate when no station is close, against the 50–55°F spring pre-emergent band.
Nearby ZIP codes
77973 77951 Bloomington 77977 Placedo 77983 Seadrift 77950 Austwell 78377 Refugio 77905 Quail Creek 77979 Port Lavaca
Other ZIP codes in Refugio County
78340 78377 78393 All Refugio County frost dates · Texas frost dates
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